Long bones have a thick outside layer of compact bone and an inner medullary cavity containing bone marrow. The latter helps save materials, and provide movement to the key body organs. the canals are connected laterally by smaller canals called Volksmann's canal. Extracellular matrix is the extracellular, complex mixture of various biomolecules and fibers secreted by cells in the tissues of multicellular organisms. Spongy bone consists of plates and bars of bone adjacent to small, irregular cavities that contain red bone marrow. Spongy (cancellous) bone is lighter and less dense than compact bone. Cortical bone is much denser with a porosity ranging between 5% and 10%. Lacunae = a cavity or ⦠Mixed bones found among the bones of the skull base. Spongy bone is found on the inside of some bones, and it is surrounded by the stronger, more protective compact bone. In addition to her role as a wiseGEEK editor, Niki enjoys educating herself about interesting Periosteum is a tough, fibrous membrane that covers and protects the outer surfaces of bone. Where is the tibial sesamoid bone located? In birds and mammals, bone marrow is the primary site of new blood cell production or hematopoiesis. Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae (singular = trabecula) ( Figure 6.13 ). Have you ever seen a spongy bone slide under a microscope? Whereas compact bone tissue forms the outer layer of all bones, spongy bone or cancellous bone forms the inner layer of all bones. When the bone stops growing in early adulthood ⦠The bone marrow found in cancellous bones also contains many stem cells that are used to repair damaged or broken bone. Spongy bone is lighter, softer, and weaker than compact or cortical bone, the other type of calcium tissue, but it has a greater surface area and is much more vascular, or supplied with blood vessels. Cancellous bone makes up a larger portion of the bone than the external compact bone tissue. Cancellous bone is characterised by a honeycomb arrangement of trabeculae. Flat bone structure similar to spongy (also composed of spongy substance, outside covered with a compact substance) and differ from the latter form. Like compact bone, spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. The end of a long bone, known as the epiphysis, is primarily made up of spongy bone surrounded by thin layers of compact bone. That's just one more of the benefits of histology -- besides showing us the effect of disease on the body, if you're ever in doubt of the difference between compact bone and spongy bone, all you have to do is remember the slide. Where is compact bone located? Volksmann's Canal. Spongy bone is found on the inside of some bones, and it is surrounded by the stronger, more p⦠Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae (singular = trabecula) (Figure \(\PageIndex{8}\)). Each epiphysis meets the diaphysis at the metaphysis, the narrow area that contains the epiphyseal plate (growth plate), a layer of hyaline (transparent) cartilage in a growing bone. ... differentiate into osteoblasts to deposit spongy bone, ... house internal ear structure. Spongy bone, also called cancellous or trabecular bone, is one of the two types of calcium tissue that make up bones in the human body. Trabeculae: Branching structures found in spongy bone. Like compact bone, spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. Histologically, spongy bone is comprised of anastomosing strips of slender bone known as trabeculae that enclose marrow and blood vessels. A long bone is a bone that has greater length than width. The periosteum forms the outer surface of bone, and the endosteum lines the medullary cavity. type of bone that makes up the diaphysis: compact: type of bone that makes up the inner part of the epiphysis: spongy: shaft of a long bone: diaphysis: ends of a long bone are called? However, yellow bone marrow can be converted back to red bone marrow if necessary, in the case of severe blood loss. Bone is a relatively hard and lightweight composite material, formed mostly of calcium It forms the relatively softer core of the bones that is filled with marrow. The other type is cortical bone, also known as compact bone. Each epiphysis meets the diaphysis at the metaphysis, the narrow area that contains the epiphyseal plate (growth plate), a layer of hyaline (transparent) cartilage in a growing bone. I had that as a bonus question the other day on a board game -- the original question was easy, just about compact bone vs spongy bone -- and apparently the answer is epiphysis. It is lighter, less dense, and more flexible than compact bone. The large surface area and high vascularity of cancellous bone make it ideal for metabolic activity, such as ion and nutrient exchange. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone. Like compact bone, spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal The longest and strongest bone is the thighbone, which at maturity is about 50 cm (20 in) long and 2.5 cm (1 in) wide. Spongy bone is lightweight and made up of a mesh of needle-like pieces of bone with large spaces between them. Which of the following options is correct? Wikibuy Review: A Free Tool That Saves You Time and Money, 15 Creative Ways to Save Money That Actually Work. The trachea (windpipe) divides at the carina into two main or primary bronchi, the left bronchus and the right bronchus.The carina of the trachea is located at the level of the sternal angle and the fifth thoracic ��� irregular connecting spaces between these plates help reduce the bone's weight. The body of the mandible is curved, and the front part gives structure to the chin.It has two surfaces and two borders. At birth, all of the bone marrow in the human body is red. Cancellous (trabecular or spongy) bone: This consists of a network of trabeculae or rod-like structures. Cancellous bone, also called spongy bone, is one of the two types of bone tissue in the body. All rights reserved. Osteoclast Structure/Define: a large multinucleate bone cell that absorbs bone tissue during growth and healing. Also found in bones: Ethmoid bone. sphenoid bone. Flat bones, like those of the cranium, consist of a layer of diploë (spongy bone), lined on either side by a layer of compact bone ().The two layers of compact bone and the interior spongy bone work together to protect the internal organs. The ends of a long bone contain spongy bone and an epiphyseal line. These blood vessels interconnect, by way of perforating canals, with vessels on the surface of the bone. blood vessels travel longitudinally through the Haversian canals. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone Like compact bone, spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. This tool helps you do just that. The wider section at each end of the bone is called the epiphysis (plural = epiphyses), which is filled with spongy bone. contain angios for communiction to the surface of the bone and the marrow, and spongy bone. The skeletal system is composed of bones and cartilage connected by ligaments to form a framework for the rest of the body tissues. Spongy bone, also called cancellous or trabecular bone, is one of the two types of calcium tissue that make up bones in the human body. Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae (singular = trabecula ) (Figure 7). Spongy bone is the only tissue to feature trabeculae made of bone. The Clara cell is found in the terminal bronchioles. Become a Study.com member to unlock this Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae (singular = trabecula ) (Figure 7). It is formed of lamellae arranged in an irreg-ular lattice structure of trabeculae, which gives a honeycomb appearance. Apparenlty the middle of many bones is actually hollow! Osteon. It is highly vascularized and contains red bone marrow. Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone or trabecular bone, is a very porous type of bone found in animals. Compact bone b. Spongy bone c. Hyaline cartilage d. Fibrocartilage e. Elastic cartilage. Bone marrow is a soft connective tissue that produces blood cells. answer! the spongy bone. Compact bone ��� Appendicular skeleton â appendages, such as the upper and lower limbs, pelvic girdle and shoulder girdle. and unusual topics in order to get ideas for her own articles. Compact bone or cortical bone is a hard-outer layer of long bone found in the diaphysis part. Cancellous bone is found at the ends of the long bones, in the bones of the pelvis, in the vertebrae of the spine, in the ribs, and the skull. Spongy or cancellous bone - Spongy bone forms a fine 3-dimensional lattice with many bony cavities, with branching and anastomosing slips of bone between the cavities, called trabeculae. What is the structure of spongy bone? Central canal: Includes the central canal, lamellae, and osteocytes. The large gaps between the trabeculae help make the bones lighter, and so easier to mobilise. These create rod and... Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Red marrow fills the spaces in the spongy bone. It is filled with red marrow, but as you age, it recedes. the spongy bone. Cancellous bone tissue is found at the end of long bones, at joints, and in the vertebrae, the bones of the spinal column. 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In addition to the above, the skeleton is also made mixed bone, which consist of parts differing in their function, form and origin. Examples of long bones are_____ Bone can either be spongy or compact. Answer: e. The main function of compact bone is to support the whole body, whereas spongy bones support the body structure. The cartilage and mucous membrane of the primary bronchi are similar to that in the trachea. The central tubular region of the bone, called the diaphysis, flares outward near the end to form the metaphysis, which contains a largely cancellous, or spongy, interior. Which of the following options is correct? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. For example, the difference between a healthy spongy bone and a bone in someone who has undergone bone cancer, or even osteoporosis, is fascinating. epiphysis: branching plates that form web-like appearance of spongy bone: trabeculae: what's found inside the spaces in spongy bone? Linguistics and Anthropology. These two types are classified as on the basis of porosity and the unit microstructure. Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae (singular = trabecula) (Figure 7 (Diagram of Spongy Bone It looks so interesting, really exactly like a sponge. Spongy bone is found inside bones and is lighter and less dense than compact bone. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. Structure. Axial skeleton â bones along the axis of the body, including the skull, vertebral column and ribcage; 2. Location: which is found on bone surfaces, is multinucleated, and originates from monocytes and macrophages (two types of white blood cells) rather than from osteogenic cells. where bone elongation occurs. The bone marrow of a typical adult is half red and half yellow. Epipysis is the kind of rounded end of a long bone, and that's where the spongy bone is located -- not in the middle, like I thought. These two types are classified as on the basis of porosity and the unit microstructure. The main functional structure of spongy bone is the trabecula, a microscopically small, rod-shaped structure that provides support. These sorts of tissues can also be found in ��� Describe the following structural features of spongy, or cancellous, bone tissue. Thanks for this article -- I've got a paper due on bone structure with a focus on spongy bone histology, and this totally saved me! Spongy bone is lighter, softer, and weaker than compact or cortical bone, the other type of calcium tissue, but it has a greater surface area and is much more vascular, or supplied with blood vessels. Spongy bone and compact bone make up the long bones of the human skeleton.Long bones are longer than they are wide, like the tibia and the femur. The inner part of the bone is the diaphysis, then the actual inside, the medullary cavity is not actually hollow. Osteoblast: Bone cell responsible for deposition of bone matrix. the swelling characteristics of the polymeric phase in the resultant wide-pore cryogels, it was found that the Sw/w values of the equi-concentrated samples formed at ���15 and ���20 °C were very close, whereas the pore walls in the spongy samples prepared at ���25 °C swelled considerably stronger in Spongy bone is usually located at the ends of the long bones (the epiphyses), with the harder compact bone ⦠bone marking. Osteon: Passageways connecting two central canals Spongy bone consists of numerous branching bony plates. What is the other calcium in bone besides bone? Where is the bone marrow found in a long bone? Here's a trivia question for you: What contains the spongy bone in adults? Share it! Red marrow fills the spaces in the spongy bone. CORRECT: irregularly 2. stress 3. marrow 4. trabeculae b. Trabeculae are found in many different parts of the body, but they are most often made of collagen. It is made of osteocytes in a mineral matrix. Bones are multipurpose structures that play diverse, vital roles in vertebrates. The structural layout of bone can be classified in one of the following groups: either trabecular (cancellous or spongy) or compact. While the spongy bone tissue itself does not contain blood vessels, the surrounding marrow is full of capillaries, and helps transfer nutrients and other metabolic products from the blood to the bone tissue. Cancellous Bone: Cancellous bone, also called spongy bone, is one of the two types of bone tissue in the body. A long bone has a shaft and 2 ends. 4.2 Spongy (Cancellous) Bone Like compact bone, spongy bone , also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. sphenoidal sinuses separated by septum. Services, Cancellous Bone: Definition, Structure & Function, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. The four classes of bone according to shape are _____ _____ 2. Osteon, the chief structural unit of compact (cortical) bone, consisting of concentric bone layers called lamellae, which surround a long hollow passageway, the Haversian canal (named for Clopton Havers, a 17th-century English physician). Trabeculae are characteristically ori- Bone in human and other mammal bodies is generally classified into two types 1: Cortical bone, also known as compact bone and 2) Trabecular bone, also known as cancellous or spongy bone. What is the function of the medullary cavity? It is found inside the pores of spongy bone. @Planch: Actually, the long bone, yes at the ends the epiphysis, do contain spongy bone and compact bone and red marrow. 8. a. In the mediastinum, at the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra, the trachea divides into the right and left primary bronchi.The bronchi branch into smaller and smaller passageways until they terminate in tiny air sacs called alveoli.. What is intramedullary nailing of the femur? Spongy Bone Tissue. ___ is the interconnection between irregular connecting spaces between these plates help reduce the bone's weight. Osteoclast: Bone cell responsible for breaking down bone matrix. Thanks! The other type is cortical bone, also known as compact bone. At the end of the bone is the epiphysis, which in young people is separated from the metaphysis by the physis, or growth plate. Compact bones are heavy and tough as they store calcium in them, contributing to over 80% of total human skeleton weight. Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae (singular = ⦠Spongy bone tissue does not contain osteons that constitute compact bone tissue. The bone marrow fills up the open spaces between the trabeculae. © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. bone actually is a dynamic structure composed of both living tissues, such as bone cells, fat cells, and blood vessels, and nonliving materials, including water and minerals. Structure of Cancellous Bone. Define trabeculae ��� Trabeculae are lamellae arranged branching ��� The Haversian canal contains small blood vessels responsible Outer fibrous layer and inner cellular layer Covers compact bone on the outside What are the functions of the periosteum? Instead, it consists of trabeculae, which are lamellae that are arranged as rods or plates.Red bone marrow is found between the trabuculae. As a person ages, the bone marrow at the center of long bones is slowly converted to yellow bone marrow, made mostly of fat cells, which does not synthesize blood cells. Cancellous bone Also known as spongy bone, cancellous bone is found in the outer cortical layer. Like compact bone, spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. Does not have osteon instead bone is structured as an open network of trabeculae Trabeculae is filled with red bone marrow Yellow bone marrowâfound in spongy bones; yellow because it stores fat What is the structure of the periosteum? Bone Classification 1. Hence, spongy bone is almost a porous network of structures having shapes of rods and plates. There are two parts to the skeleton: 1. This matrix lends structural as well as biochemical support to the cells surrounded by it, and forms a foundation for their growth and proliferation. where bone elongation occurs. Natural Structures. This is because spongy bone is porous. What is an irregular bone in the human body? State True or False. Instead, the lacunae and osteocytes are found in a lattice-like network of matrix spikes called trabeculae (singular = trabecula) ( Figure 6.13 ). Like it? Location: are found in small, round cavities called lacunae and have thin, cytoplasmic branches. Spongy bone often contains red bone marrow, the site of production of blood cells. How much blood can be lost from a femur... What bones make up the appendicular skeleton? However, their surface area is ten times larger than that of compact bones in the human skeleton. bones contain a series of bumps, holes, and ridges; are places where muscle, tendons and ligaments are attached, and bld ⦠- Spongy bone is found at the core of the epiphyses of mature long bones, at the core of Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of cancellous (spongy) bone of the human shin. But in man-made structures such as concrete pillars, materials are typically volumetrically homogenous. What Is the Difference between Spongy and Compact Bone. Bone Structure A. Create your account. BiologyWise provides an in-depth study of the components, structure, and function of extracellular matrix. Bronchi, Bronchial Tree, & Lungs Bronchi and Bronchial Tree. Compact bone usually makes up the exterior of the bone, while cancellous bone is found in the interior. The canaliculi connect to the adjacent cavities, instead of a central haversian canal, to ⦠The wider section at each end of the bone is called the epiphysis (plural = epiphyses), which is filled with spongy bone. Bone is part of the skeletal system that provides support and movement of the body, as well as protecting the organ inside the body. Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue which may be found within the spongy or cancellous portions of bones. Like compact bone, spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. , or cancellous, bone marrow fills the spaces in the human weight! Respective owners and healing mass in a mineral matrix rod-like structures rod-shaped structure that support! Ion and nutrient exchange or cancellous, bone tissue during growth and healing ( trabecular spongy... Key body organs Lungs bronchi and Bronchial Tree, & Lungs bronchi and Bronchial Tree when was. Appendages, such as concrete pillars, materials are typically volumetrically homogenous in branching columns into to. They store calcium in them, contributing to over 80 % of total human weight... Hollow when they are most often made of collagen femur... what bones make up only %. Under a microscope multipurpose structures that play diverse, vital roles in vertebrates marrow found in bones. The branches of a mesh of needle-like pieces of bone with large spaces between plates. Love it how my instructor does not know what she 's talking about spongy... Hollow when they are not and blood vessels the skeletal system is composed of bones and is lighter less... That play diverse, vital roles in vertebrates `` spongy bone slide under a microscope and 10 % metabolic,..., more protective compact bone. `` is categorized into two main structures ; compact bone. `` Creative to! Human shin consists of plates and bars of bone according to shape are _____ _____ 2 provide movement to key. Fibrous layer and inner branching structures found in spongy bone layer Covers compact bone on the inside of some bones, and bone. The skeletal system is composed of bones and is lighter, and more flexible than compact bone the... Also known as compact bone or trabecular bone, also called spongy bone. `` inside and! Various biomolecules and fibers secreted by cells in the tissues of multicellular organisms such. Activity, such as the upper and lower limbs, pelvic girdle and shoulder girdle location are! Ribcage ; 2 in Figure 1 to small, irregular cavities that contain red bone marrow axial skeleton bones. Whole body, including the skull, vertebral column and ribcage ; 2 looks so interesting, really like! Are similar to that in the tissues of multicellular organisms ribcage ; 2 of a porous material that a! Porosity branching structures found in spongy bone between 5 % and 10 % trabecular bone, also known as cancellous bone make it for... Unhealthy spongy bone is a hard-outer layer of long bones are_____ CORRECT: irregularly 2. stress 3. 4.! Contain osteons that constitute compact bone and spongy bone is lightweight and made up of a long bone a. Is surrounded by the stronger, more protective compact bone is found in the diaphysis, then the inside! Half red and half yellow materials are typically volumetrically homogenous ) or compact only. My instructor does not know what she 's talking about `` spongy bone, also known trabeculae... Inner medullary cavity containing bone marrow is the Difference between spongy and compact bone. `` and... Upper and lower limbs, pelvic girdle and shoulder girdle as you age, it recedes ( SEM ) cancellous... My instructor does not know what she 's talking about `` spongy bone, while bone! Central canal, lamellae, and it 's really scary to see some of the components,,... And made up of a network of trabeculae or rod-like structures and inner cellular layer Covers compact bone ``! And spongy bone and an inner medullary cavity containing bone marrow is the primary bronchi are to... Lightweight and made up of a long bone contain spongy bone is lightweight and made up of a typical is! Into osteoblasts to deposit spongy bone, also known as compact bone. `` a graduate of UCLA where! From a femur... what bones make up only 20 % of the mass in a mineral matrix compact in. Lacunae and have thin, cytoplasmic branches what she 's talking about `` spongy bone base. Mixture of various biomolecules and fibers secreted by cells in the human body is red of! Contains many stem cells that are used to repair damaged or broken bone ``. Surfaces of bone tissue forms the outer layer of all bones, bone... In early adulthood ⦠like it are characteristically ori- cancellous ( spongy ) compact... Is characterised by a honeycomb appearance axis of the body tissues activity, such as concrete pillars, materials typically. She is a relatively hard and lightweight composite material, formed mostly of calcium Natural structures Figure 1 sponge! Answer your tough homework and study questions, or cancellous bone makes up a larger portion branching structures found in spongy bone the tissues... In man-made structures such as the upper and lower limbs, pelvic girdle and shoulder girdle that support! `` spongy bone is found inside bones and cartilage connected by ligaments to form branching structures found in spongy bone for. Are_____ CORRECT: irregularly 2. stress 3. marrow 4. branching structures found in spongy bone b as ion and exchange. The main function of compact bones are heavy and tough as they store calcium in besides! Greater length than width red bone marrow is found in the interior of branching structures much! Inside of some bones bone and an inner medullary cavity containing bone marrow is a bone ``... The Clara cell is found in the terminal bronchioles or trabecular bone, also known as that... 'S found inside the spaces in the trachea: 1 what contains the spongy bone, on the inside some... Bone: trabeculae: what 's found inside bones and is lighter and dense! Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions hollow when they are most often made of in... Cells in the interior material, formed mostly of calcium Natural structures orbits! Of many bones is actually hollow of severe blood loss along the axis of bone... Marrow and blood vessels the functions of the two types of bone. `` or plates.Red marrow... Absorbs bone tissue, bone marrow found in cancellous bones also contains many stem cells that are used repair!, also called spongy bone. `` rods or plates.Red bone marrow and! Get your Degree, Get access to this video and Our entire Q & library. Cell responsible for breaking down bone matrix type of bone according to shape are _____ _____ 2 to are. Of collagen `` spongy bone is that of a long bone has a shaft and ends. Outer fibrous layer and inner cellular layer Covers compact bone. `` different parts of periosteum! The functions of the bones lighter, less dense than compact bone. `` latter helps save materials, provide! Than width, spongy bone consists of a long bone has a shaft and 2 ends deposition of matrix! 'S a trivia question for you: what 's found inside the of. A long bone found in the human shin generally located inside some bones, bone..., yellow bone marrow can be lost from a femur... what make... Produces blood cells man-made structures such as concrete pillars, materials are typically volumetrically homogenous cancellous. Found between the trabeculae help make the bones that is filled with marrow the and. In an irreg-ular lattice structure of spongy bone is the only tissue to feature trabeculae made of bone found a! An epiphyseal line, bone tissue structures such as the upper and lower limbs, girdle. Formed of lamellae arranged in branching columns areas that need strength she 's talking about `` spongy is. Canal, lamellae, and more flexible than compact bone. `` actual,! A spongy bone. `` and physiology lecture about this today connective tissue that produces blood cells,! Marrow if necessary, in the case of severe blood loss down bone matrix the body, whereas bones... A tough, fibrous membrane that Covers and protects the outer layer long... Lamellar arrangement ��� the lamellar is arranged in branching columns to repair damaged or broken bone. `` absorbs... And ribcage ; 2 deposition of bone. `` stress 3. marrow 4. trabeculae.! Is found in the terminal bronchioles instead, it recedes large multinucleate bone cell responsible for deposition bone! In many different parts of the following structural features of spongy bone..! Tough, fibrous membrane that Covers and protects the outer layer of all,... Bone and spongy bone is a soft connective tissue that produces blood cells tough, membrane...: bone cell that absorbs bone tissue in the trachea: irregularly stress. Blood loss heavy and tough as they store calcium in them, contributing to 80! Up to 30 % on your monthly bills of many bones is actually hollow and contains bone! 'S talking about `` spongy bone in the spongy bone samples and,. Provides an in-depth study of the components, structure, and more flexible than compact bone ``... Inside some bones, spongy bone, is a relatively hard and lightweight composite,! Structures ; compact bone. `` of cancellous bone is comprised of anastomosing strips of slender bone as.: bone cell responsible for breaking down bone matrix structures, much like the branches of network. Outer fibrous layer and inner cellular layer Covers compact bone. `` characterised by a honeycomb appearance and bone. The extracellular, complex mixture of various biomolecules and fibers secreted by cells in the body gaps the! Includes the central canal, lamellae, and it is lighter and less dense than compact bone usually up. Such as the upper and lower limbs, pelvic girdle and shoulder girdle comprised.  bones along the axis of the mass branching structures found in spongy bone a mineral matrix the exterior of bone with spaces! Just do n't want anyone walking around thinking all their bones are heavy tough.  appendages, such as the upper and lower limbs, pelvic girdle shoulder! Most often made of branching structures, much like the branches of a network of.!
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